Difficult problems tend to have multiple main root causes.
The relationship between cause and effect is not straightforward.
There is often long displacement in time and space.
They are systemic so Intermediate causes may arise from many places in the system.
By the way: Solutions to difficult problems are often expensive; complex problems often have complex solutions.
Or is it a Dilemma?
If you can express it in the form of “on the one hand..on the other” it is probably a dilemma.